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They work on letters A to Z and leave everything else where it was, so a sentence keeps its spaces and its commas and still reads like a sentence after encoding. Great for riddles, lessons and CTFs. Useless for anything you actually want to keep secret, and that's fine, it's not what they're here for.",[223,224],"cipher-roster",{"category":225},"classical",[227,228,230],"h2",{"id":229},"conventions-they-share","Conventions they share",[232,233,234,243,249,256],"ul",{},[235,236,237,238,242],"li",{},"Latin alphabets are A to Z. Digits, punctuation, emoji and non-Latin letters pass through untouched unless ",[239,240,241],"code",{},"stripNonAlpha"," is set, and they never advance a key.",[235,244,245,248],{},[239,246,247],{},"preserveCase"," is on by default. Lowercase in, lowercase out.",[235,250,251,252,255],{},"Playfair, Polybius and Bifid fold J into I. Tap code shares C and K. Bacon uses 26 letters unless ",[239,253,254],{},"letters: 24"," asks for his own table. Enigma is the Wehrmacht M3 with rotors I, II, III and reflector B.",[235,257,258],{},"Shift 0, one rail, a multiplier sharing a factor with 26. An option that would make the cipher an identity or break the bijection is an error before the first letter. No silent pass.",[227,260,262],{"id":261},"families","Families",[219,264,265,269,270,273,274,277,278,281,282,285,286,289,290,293,294,297],{},[266,267,268],"strong",{},"Shift"," adds a constant to every letter. ",[266,271,272],{},"Reflection"," mirrors the alphabet. ",[266,275,276],{},"Multiplicative"," multiplies and adds modulo 26. ",[266,279,280],{},"Polyalphabetic"," changes the shift as it goes, by keyword, by position or by turning a disk. ",[266,283,284],{},"Digraph"," works on pairs. ",[266,287,288],{},"Fractionation"," breaks a letter into coordinates or symbols and, in Bifid and ADFGVX, shuffles the pieces. ",[266,291,292],{},"Transposition"," moves letters without changing a single one. ",[266,295,296],{},"Rotor"," has one member, and that one has enough settings for the rest of the list combined.",[227,299,301],{"id":300},"where-to-start","Where to start",[219,303,304,305,309,310,314],{},"Stuck on a puzzle? ",[306,307,308],"a",{"href":17},"Count the letters"," first. A histogram that still looks like English means one alphabet, maybe shifted, and a Caesar ",[306,311,313],{"href":312},"\u002Fplayground?op=brute","brute force"," takes a second. A flat one means a key that changes as it goes, so the Vigenère family is the next stop.",{"title":316,"searchDepth":317,"depth":317,"links":318},"",2,[319,320,321],{"id":229,"depth":317,"text":230},{"id":261,"depth":317,"text":262},{"id":300,"depth":317,"text":301},"Caesar to Enigma. Letters in and letters out. Every choice that makes a puzzle answer reproducible is written down.","md",null,{"icon":326},"i-lucide-scroll-text",{"title":44},{"title":214,"description":322},"oVNvlKM0kzfz_UMzpAQ9r9a_hGQc-Zyq7-R8rt7eLww",[331,333],{"title":42,"path":38,"stem":39,"description":332,"children":-1},"Forty ciphers in eleven families. Each page has the options, the keyspace, the conventions and a vector you can check yourself.",{"title":48,"path":49,"stem":50,"description":334,"children":-1},"Shift every letter by N. Default 3, keyspace 25, and the attack is all of them.",1790526442746]